Tuesday, May 8, 2007

W 054 F

INTODUCTION
I was born on 2nd of April in 1979, which day is going to be the theme of my research paper. There were many events that happened at that time which had great effects on people's lives. These happenings were everyday road repairations award ceremonies, traffic modifications, just as the announced alert of flood and the finding of dead miners. Thus they influenced people's common mood, which I intend to detect in this research paper.

METHOD
I read the April 2nd and 3rd issues of the newspaper Dunántúli Napló. After choosing out the relevant articles I tried to convey the answer to my research question by inferring from their contents. I used many data and names too from my sources.

RESULTS and DISCUSSION
My birthday, which was a Monday, meant the beginning of a new week. This day started with traffic on the streets for many people.

At lake Balaton it was the first day in that year when, beside the ferries, the passenger boats started their crossings as well. They plied on two routes: between Siófok, Balatonfüred and Tihany, and also between Fonyód and Badacsony. The boats did these voyages three times a day, as Dunántúli Napló informed us. (1979. 2nd April, p.5)

The fares of travelling by boats changed too: they increased with an average of twenty per cent in the charge-zone between O and twenty kilometres. The same modification was made with the ferries as well. Despite these, passengers had the opportunity to obtain a discount of fifty per cent on every boatline until 15th May. Tourist groups consisting of pupils, pioneers, hikers KISZ and sportclub members became allowed to use the discount of fifty per cent instead of travelling at a charge reduced by thirty-three. (1979. 2nd April, p.5)

A new sailing regulation was introduced at lake Balaton. This applied to all shipping staff members, and to passengers about the conditions of travelling on ferries. From this day on cars were only allowed to be left on the transporter boat abandoned, even by the driver. Leaflets had been published for availability to people when buying tickets at ports, involving these new arrangements.

As for overland traffic, a new order was introduced in Pécs between Kolozsvár and Petõfi Street, and Kassa and Nagyvárad Street.

On this day some other arrangements were being made too, such as tree cuttings along motorway 6, which concluded in speed limitations and bottlenecks in certain sections. So did the asphalt rolling repairations on ma inroad number 66 between Komló, Mánfa and Magyarszék. Such measurements were taken on road 67 in Endrõc, Nagybudmér and between Pécs and Abaliget. Next to the brick factory of Szajk and in Hosszúhetény bridges were renovated, which caused more difficulties in transport. (1979. 3rd April, p.6)

These arrangements imposed on passengers and motorists might have made these people more restricted and cautious during transportation. Obeying them could have awakened their sense of defencelessness against authorities, especially in the case of fee-increasings.

Some depressing events happened in Komló on 28th March, the Wednesday before April 2nd, as six miners suffered a stone-falling, thus getting stuck under the ground. This was the day when, after an eighty-hour searching, three of them were found, although dead unfortunately. Some time later the other three workers of the mining company were discovered by the rescue-team, neither being alive. The bereaved obtained financial support for the casaulties. The Mecsek Coalmines Company announced its sympathy to them: 'We pay honest regret to the memory of our miners and share the bereaveds' sorrow with deep sympathy.' (1979. 3rd April, p.2)

When conveying these news to the people, they probably felt a deep regret and grief for these miners having lost their lives in the accident. So the common mood must have been mournful at that time.

Due to spring weather, the main rivers of Hungary were threatening with overflowing. Because of this reason an alert on the second degree was ordered in the sections of Bodrog between the country's borderline and Sárospatak. Also an alert on the same degree was imposed on the territories along the entire bank of Sajó. A watching service was taking place between Tokaj and Újlõrincfalva, due to the twenty-centimetre rise in the water-level of Tisza. Although in Hernád, where the flood had disappeared just as fast as it had arrived, this service was discontinued. (1979. 2nd April, p.1)

The effects of floods are not a pleasant impact, this should have made the residents of riverbank towns and villages anxious and stressful about what was going to happen with their estates.
Considering the aspect of culture, April 2nd could mean great appreciations to certain artists. An award ceremony took place on this day, and many nominees had the chance to boast of their won award. As it was a cheerful event for those, I have dealt with it in details. The ceremony, which was held in the Hunter Hall of the Parliament on the occasion of Hungary's thirty-fourth anniversary of liberation, prizes, such as the so called 'Merited Artist' and 'Outstanding Artist of the Hungarian People's Republic' were handed over.

There happened to be many famous politicians attending the event, like György Lázár, the president of the Council of Ministers, Miklós Óvári, the secretary of the Central Comitee of the Hungarian Socialist Labour Party, the members of the Policital Comitee, Mihály Kornidesz, the chief of department of the Central Comitee, several members of the government and many celebrities of Hungary's political, social and cultural life.

It was Imre Pozsgay, the Cultural Minister, who welcomed those present. As it was written in Dunántúli Napló, in his celebration speech he emphasized that 'the improvement of culture is one of the indispensible conditions of the dynamic and harmonic development of the social society'. Beside this he stated that it was also one of the vital needs of the socialist people. 'This demand, however, is still lieing dormant in many people, and in order to revive it we need institutions which are able to well employ our cultural policy, and talented artists who create light with their excellent work. The artists have been thought to be the men of the future. Their anguishes and contemporary distress originate from this very state. However, they must be aware of the fact that they are members of such a society which is susceptible to the future and comitted to true values. We profess that loving real art is equal to loving the future'. (1979, 3rd April, p.2)

The Outstanding Artist of the Hungarian People's Republic Award was handed over by the Council of Ministers to many artists, acknowledging their merits regarding the development of social culture. These rewarded artists were: Ottó Ádám, the Kossuth-awarded artistic director of Madách Theatre, György Lehel, the Kossuth-awarded conductor of the Symphony Orchestra of the Hungarian Radio and Television, György Gulyás, the Liszt Ferenc-awarded lead-conductor of the Kodály-choir in Debrecen, and more.

The Merited Artists of the Hungarian People's Rebuplic Award was given to artists such as Sándor Bedécs, the Munkácsy Mihály and Ybl Miklós-awarded chief-director of the Hungarian Radio, László Csákányi, the Jászai Mari-awarded actor of Vidám Színpad, József Gregor, the Juhász Gyula- and Liszt Ferenc-awarded opera singer of the Hungarian State Opera-House and the National Theatre in Szeged. In this category were also: Márta Kende, the Balázs Béla-awarded director of the Hungarian Television, Gyula Kertész, the Erkel Ferenc-awarded director of Csokonai Theatre in Debrecen and Vilmos Kun, the actor of Csiky Gergely Theatre in Kaposvár.

On April 2nd many other prizes were given out to representatives of the country's cultural and artistic life. The József Attila, Munkácsy Mihály, Balázs Béla, Liszt Ferenc and Jászai Mari awards were handed over by the Cultural Minister in Fészek-Club. Miklós Óvári, member of the Hungarian Socialist Labour Party's Political Comitee, a member of the Central Comitee and Imre Pozsgay (Cultural Minister) attended the event, which caused significant joy with numerous people.

Besides, it was a fruitful day for some other people as well, having the chance of acquiriting prizes and Fitles. These celebrations took place in the police, where 113 employes were rewarded in the Garrison Cultural Centre of the Hungarian People's Army in Baranya County, where they celebrated the liberation of the Police Headquaters. Tibor Révész police major read the speech of the event.

In other institutions as in Honvéd Hospital and at the Fire-service again many talented people were recompensed. Six journalist obtained the Rózsa Ferenc Award in the Parliament, too.
On this particular day, due to many award ceremonies, several people felt proud of their archievements. The curious followers of these events might have been anxious or at least excited about them.

In the world on April 2nd in 1979 the political scenes are not to be forgotten either. A celebration in Moscow took place on the occasion of the liberation of Hungary. According to the information of Dunántúli Napló, Jevgeniy Ivanov, the first deputy president of the Soviet Friend and Cultural Society, stated that the Soviet-Hungarian friendship was the case of those building socialism and communism, and who were connected together by the ideas of the social internationalism. (1979. April 3, p.5)

Many famous politician attended this gala, including Hungary's Soviet ambassador Mátyás Szûrös, beside several party members. Jevgeniy Ivanov in his speech alluded to the Hungarian and Soviet public opinion had commemorated the sixtieth anniversary of the Hungarian Soviet Republic. The speaker of the celebration appreciated the Hungarian people's results achieved in building socialism, thus emphasizing the crucial role of the Hungarian Socialist Labour Party's leadership in it.

Dr Mátyás Szûrös passed over the greeting of HSLP and the government to the attendants. As Dunántúli Napló informed us, he emphasized that 'the liberating Soviet solders brought peace and freedom to the Hungarians thirty-four years ago. Since that time our people have made a great way by the help of its party's leadership. It is mainly the merit of the working-class that now the country is active on the construction of a developed socialist society' (1979. April 2, p.5). He also said that the Hungarian workers could always count on the Soviet Union's true, internationalist and fraternal support, and appreciated that the multilateral Soviet-Hungarian cooperation was gradually improving in all areas of life, and the friendly relationship was deepening between HSLP and the Soviet Communist Party. One of its significant stages was the meeting of János Kádár and Leonyid Breznev.

For the Hungarian socialist and communist supporters of the Soviet Union this event drew their attention to the superpower's influence and superiority. At that time, as far as these men are concerned, it certainly meant a humble acclamation.

CONCLUSION
April 2nd in 1979 was a day of Hungary's being under the Soviet rule. Though these political aspects of life attained great empshasis due to an event in Moscow, some other feelings showed in the public too that day. They are mainly cautiousness toward floods, economic defencelessness of charge increasings, mourning the dead miners and the feeling of succes for those who won an award. Altogether, this day was not forgettable for many.

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